Biography Antoni Gaudi - Barcelona's famous modernist architect

Antoni Gaudi - modernist architect Barcelona

Antoni Gaudí

Barcelona's most famous modernist architect

Antoni Gaudí - full name Antoni Plàcid Guillem Gaudí Cornet - was a Catalan architect of Spanish nationality. He is Barcelona's and perhaps also Spain's most famous architect. Seven of his most amazing structures in Barcelona are listed as UNESCO World Heritage sites, The Gaudí structures are visited by around 13 million people every year.  Antoni Gaudí was born one hour south of Barcelona in Reus in 1852. Gaudi died in 1926 when he was tragically hit by a tram. The still unfinished temple church of La Sagrada Familia is Gaudi's most famous building in Barcelona. At the time of Gaudi's death he was working exclusively on this temple which is expected to be completed in the 2030s, over a full century after his death. The current lead architect of the Sagrada Familia is Jordi Fauli.

Famous Gaudí buildings Barcelona
Pictures La Sagrada Familia
Book Trencadis mosaic workshop
Sagrada Familia tickets 
G Experiència Gaudí in 4D tickets
Gaudi sights and tours
Modernist architecture
Where did Gaudi live?

Gaudí's full name was Antoni Plàcid Guillem Gaudí Cornet.  He was born in 1852 in the town of Reus near Tarragona to the south of Barcelona in Spain in 1852. Gaudí is the most famous architect of the Catalan modernist era. Gaudí's style was actually quite unique and unlike many of the other modernist styles of the time. Gaudí combined gothicism, surrealism and modernist styles in a uniquely peculiar and almost warped style, which can best be described as Gaudí'ism.

Gaudí once said, 'The straight line belongs to man. The curved line belongs to God.' Gaudí's believed that straight lines were the work of man, whereas curved lines were the work of nature and many of his most famous works reflect this search to create buildings that are in harmony with nature's shapes and forms.

Gaudí’s first major project was the Mataró Cooperative (a project for housing factory workers), which was shown at the Paris World Fair in 1878. This project brought him a good measure of attention and led to a meeting with Eusebi Güell who was a leading industrialist of the time and one of the richest men in the world.

Guell would become a close friend and the biggest sponsor of Gaudí's work throughout Gaudí's career. Guell should be commended for his role in nurturing Gaudí's genius because he never attempted to impose limits or change on the architect's visions during the many years of their collaboration.

Below: Gaudí's unfinished church - La Sagrada Familia in Barcelona

sagrada_familia_2023_900x506px

In 1882 Gaudí began to work on his most magnificent - and still unfinished - construction, which is the famous La Sagrada Familia temple in Barcelona. This project was initially begun by an architect named Francisco de Paula del Villar, but the project was taken over by Gaudí in 1882. For the next 30 years, Gaudí worked on the Sagrada Familia basilica and on other projects simultaneously. From 1911 onwards and until Gaudí's death, he devoted himself exclusively to the temple construction.


Below: Serpent bench at Park Guell by Gaudí 

Serpent bench at Parc Guell by Gaudi

Gaudí was a lifelong bachelor, a vegetarian, an conservative and a fervent Catalonian nationalist. In his later years, he lived with his father and sister in Park Guell. However, both his sister and father passed away shortly after the family moved in to their house in Park Guell. In his final years Gaudí lived alone and preferred to spend as much of his time as possible in his studio at the Sagrada Familia even sleeping there often.

Below: La Pedrera (Casa Mila) building on Passeig de Gracia

La Pedrera building by Antoni Gaudi


Gaudí's tragic death

How and when did Gaudí die. Gaudí died a tragic death. On his daily walk to mass at the church on plaza Sant Felip Neri in the Gothic area of barcelona, Gaudí was crossing the tram tracks on the street and was hit by a tram. The driver later testified that Gaudí was crossing the tracks and took two steps backward when he saw a tram coming, but then he was struck by a tram coming in the opposite direction. Trams in those days only travelled at 10 kph, but the collision was still to prove fatal. The date was 7th June 1926 and it happened on the street Gran Via between the streets of Girona and Bailen in Barcelona (click for map). Gaudí was shabbily dressed and unkempt and was not carrying any identification papers and he was not recognized by anyone at the scene of the accident. He was so shabby in appearance that local taxi drivers refused to take this injured 'vagabond' to hospital. The taxi drivers were later fined by the police for their inaction. 

Below: Casa Batllo on street Passeig de Gracia in Barcelona

Casa Batllo - on street Passeig de Gracia in Barcelona


Gaudí was gravely injured in the tram accident, but he was not recognised and because he resembled a homeless or poor person, he was taken to a Barcelona hospital for the poor called Antic Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau in the Raval district of Barcelona's old city near La Rambla street. At the hospital he was still not recognised as the great architect and was given a bed with the indigent patients. His friends found him three days after the accident, on the 10th of June 1926, Gaudí died from his injuries. The last words Gaudí spoke were, 'Amen, my God, my God'.  A death mask was made of Gaudí's face, which is on display at the Gaudí house museum in Parc Guell.


Photo below: Palau Guell roof on street Nou de la Rambla

Roof of Palau Guell building by Antoni Gaudi on street Nou de la Rambla


A huge number of Barcelona citizens attended Gaudí's funeral to honour him and to accompany his casket to his final resting place in his beloved masterpiece, the Sagrada Familia, where he now rests in peace in the crypt. After 44 years of devotion to the construction of this temple, this was a fitting place for its creator to be interred as an inspiration to those who came after to complete this unique Barcelona landmark. As is often the case with many visionaries, Gaudí was perhaps not truly acknowledged during his own lifetime. Official organizations refused many times to support or applaud his unique talent. The City of Barcelona tried many times to block or change Gaudí's works because ithey failed to conform to city regulations. The only project the City assigned to Gaudí was that of designing street lamps which still stand on the Plaça Reial in the Gothic quarter. Gaudí received the Barcelona city "Building of the Year" award only once for his work on the apartment block Casa Calvet which is not considered as a significant work today.

Gaudí trivia

Where did Gaudí get his inspiration? When Gaudí was young he worked as an assistent on the Chapel of the Virgin at Montserrat mountain located 1 hour from Barcelona, which gave him inspiration later in life to base many of his designs on nature.

Gaudí fountain


Ciutadella park fountain.  Gaudí also worked on the cascade fountain in Ciutadella park.

Gaudí's skyscraper


New York Skyscraper. In 1908 Gaudí submitted an innovative design for a New York skyscraper hotel called Attraction Hotel. The Attraction Hotel project was commissioned in May 1908. It was planned to be a total height of 360 metres. Little is known about its origin, and the project remained obscure until 1956, when a report by Joan Matamala i Flotats titled 'When the New World called Gaudí' was published. The drawings for the Attraction Hotel were proposed again as a basis for the rebuilding of Ground Zero in Manhattan after the 911 terror attack.

Below: Attraction Hotel New York design by Gaudí

hotel_attraction_design_guadi_new_york

Gaudí quotes


Famous Antoni Gaudí quotes: 

"To do things well, first you need love, second you need technique."
 
'The straight line belongs to man. The curved line belongs to God.'

“My client is not in a hurry”


Gaudí & Dan Brown


Gaudí and Dan Brown. Some of his most famous buildings in Barcelona are featured in the new book Origin by bestselling author Dan Brown, who also wrote 'The Da Vinci Code'.

Gaudí World Heritage Sites Barcelona


Seven properties built by the architect Antoni Gaudí (1852–1926) in or near Barcelona testify to Gaudí’s exceptional creative contribution to the development of architecture and building technology in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These monuments represent an eclectic, as well as a very personal, style which was given free reign in the design of gardens, sculpture and all decorative arts, as well as architecture. The seven buildings are: Parque Güell; Palacio Güell; Casa Mila; Casa Vicens; Gaudí’s work on the Nativity façade and Crypt of La Sagrada Familia; Casa Batlló; Crypt in Colonia Güell. UNESCO page.

Park Güell
Palau Güell
La Pedrera (Casa Mila)
Casa Vicens 
Sagrada Familia church
Casa Batlló
Crypt in Colonia Güell (outside Barcelona)
Bellesguard/Casa Figueres manor house

Modernism

Guide to modernist Barcelona

Other Gaudí works


Casa Calvet - closed to public
Colegio Teresiano - not open to public
Bellesguard/Casa Figueres  manor house - partially open to public
Lamp posts on Plaza Reial
The dragon gate at Güell Pavilions
Portal Miralles. Gate of former Miralles estate


Below: Portal Miralles by Gaudí in Sarria area of Barcelona with sculpture of Gaudi.

antoni_gaudi_portal_miralles_barcelona



Related Gaudí pages

Gaudí Experience - 4D Gaudí
Make a Gaudí artwork -1 hour Trencadis classes in Barcelona
More Gaudí links
TICKETS Gaudí and Sagrada Família Tour


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Last Updated on Thursday, 30 May 2024 13:34
 

Thursday, 21 November 2024


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